Membysẽ

Vikipetãmegua
Sy ha imemby, membysẽ riremínte.

Membysẽ (karaiñe'ẽme: parto), ojeikuaáva avei ñemomembýicha, oiko hína opakuévo tyeguasu, peteĩ térã hetave mitãra'y osẽ rupi kuña membyryrúgui.[1] Ary 2015-pe, oiko 135 sua membysẽ rupi arapy tuichakue javevépe.[2] Umíva apytépe, 15 sua heñói 37 arapokõindy mboyve,[3] ha 3% guive 12% peve heñói 42 arapokõindy rire.[4] Upe arapy kakuaávape, hetave membysẽ oiko tasyópe,[5][6] ha katu umi tetã kakuaátavape, hetave membysẽ oiko ógape, oipytyvõháme peteĩ machu chae.[7]

Itapiaguavéva ha'e upe membysẽ tako rupi.[8] Oguereko mbohapy arapehẽ: atúa ñemombyky ha atúa ñembopyso, guejy ha teñói, ha ñemyaña aupa ryepýgui.[9] Pe arapehẽ peteĩha hi'are jepi pakõi aravo guive paporundy aravo peve; arapehẽ mokõiha katu mokõipa aravo'i guive mokõi aravo peve, ha upe arapehẽ mbohapyha katu po aravo'i guive mbohapypa aravo'i peve.[10] Upe arapehẽ peteĩha oñepyrũ tye apa térã atukupe rasy reheve, hi'aréva peteĩ aravo'i mbytere, ha oiko jeýva pa térã mbohapypa aravo'ípe.[9] Apa hasyve ha py'ỹive oiko jey ára ohasávo.[10] Arapehẽ mokõiháme, ñemyaña apa hasýva ndive ikatu oiko.[10] Arapehẽ mbohapyháme puru'ã sã ñepichãi oñemboaréva oje'e jepi iporãha.[11] Oĩ tembiaporape ikatúva oipytyvõ tasýpe, ha'éva hína teteñeme'ẽ mba'aporeko, tasype'aha ha ape kangue ñemonge.[10]

Hetave mitã heñói iñakã gotyo; upéicharõ jepe, 4% heñói ipy gotyo térã humby gotyo raẽ; upéva ojeikuaa tumbykuévo.[10][12] Imembysẽta jave, kuña ikatu okaru ha omýi oipotaháicha; ñemyaña naiporãi peteĩha arapehẽ jave térã osẽnguévo mitã akã, ha enéma naiporãi ojejapo.[13] Upe ñeikytĩ ojejapóva tako jurúpe, ojeheróva tako pehẽ okapeguáva ñekytĩ, py'ỹi ojejpo, ha katu noñeikotevẽi jepi.[10] Ary 2012-me, 23 sua membysẽ ojejapo pirekytĩ rupive; upéva ojehero tye pirekytĩ.[14] Tye pirekytĩ ikatu ou porã kuña imembykõirõ, mitãra'y ohechaukárõ ojehechavaiha, térã oĩrõ tumbykuévo.[10] Ko membysẽ tembiaporape ikatu hi'areve okuera hag̃ua.[10]

Opa ary, tyeguasu ha membysẽ apañuãi opa 500.000 sy manóme, 7 sua kuña opyta hasy puku, ha 50 sua opyta hasy imemby rire.[15] Hetave ãvaichagua oiko arapy kakuaátavape.[15] Ã apañuãi apytépe oĩ: membysẽ pa'ã, tuguyñehẽ memby rire, eklámpsia ha pámo memby rire.[15] Mitãra'y apañuãi apytépe oĩ teñói pytupa.[16]

Mandu'apy[jehaijey | emoambue kuatia reñoiha]

  1. (en en) Concise Colour Medical Dictionary. Oxford University Press. p. 375. ISBN 9780199687992. https://books.google.ca/books?id=2_EkBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA375. 
  2. "The World Factbook." July 11, 2016. Nuoroda tikrinta 30 July 2016.
  3. "Preterm birth Fact sheet N°363." November 2015. Nuoroda tikrinta 30 July 2016.
  4. Reproductive and perinatal epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2011. p. 163. ISBN 9780199857746. https://books.google.ca/books?id=by1lwSpfruQC&pg=PA163. 
  5. Doing better for children. Paris: OECD. 2009. p. 105. ISBN 9789264059344. https://books.google.ca/books?id=0Q_WAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA105. 
  6. „Planned hospital birth versus planned home birth.“. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (9), CD000352 (12 September 2012). PMID 22972043. 
  7. Communication for Behavior Change: Volume lll: Using Entertainment–Education for Distance Education. SAGE Publications India. 2016. ISBN 9789351507581. https://books.google.ca/books?id=PWElDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT138. Consultado el 31 July 2016. 
  8. „Vaginal childbirth and pelvic floor disorders.“. Women's health (London, England), 9 (3), 265-77; quiz 276-7 (May 2013). PMID 23638782. 
  9. 9,0 9,1 "Birth." The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. Columbia University Press: 2016. Nuoroda tikrinta 2016-07-30 from Encyclopedia.com.
  10. 10,0 10,1 10,2 10,3 10,4 10,5 10,6 10,7 "Pregnancy Labor and Birth." September 27, 2010. Nuoroda tikrinta 31 July 2016.
  11. „Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping of term infants on maternal and neonatal outcomes.“. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (7), CD004074 (11 July 2013). PMID 23843134. 
  12. „Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery.“. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (7), CD000166 (21 July 2015). PMID 26196961. 
  13. (en en) Childbirth: Labour, Delivery and Immediate Postpartum Care. World Health Organization. 2015. p. Chapter D. ISBN 978-92-4-154935-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK326674/. Consultado el 31 July 2016. 
  14. „Relationship Between Cesarean Delivery Rate and Maternal and Neonatal Mortality“. JAMA, 314 (21), 2263–70 (1 December 2015). DOI:10.1001/jama.2015.15553. PMID 26624825. 
  15. 15,0 15,1 15,2 Education material for teachers of midwifery : midwifery education modules (2nd edición). Geneva [Switzerland]: World Health Organisation. 2008. p. 3. ISBN 978-92-4-154666-9. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/9789241546669_4_eng.pdf?ua=1. 
  16. (en en) Fanaroff and Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 116. ISBN 9780323295376. https://books.google.ca/books?id=AnVYBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA116.