Pytyvõ:AÑH

Vikipetãmegua

Ko'ápe oĩ peteĩ tysýi taikuérape Achegety Ñe'ẽkuaaha Hetatetãreheguápe.

Taikuéra tenonde[jehaijey | emoambue kuatia reñoiha]

The symbols are arranged by similarity to letters of the Latin alphabet. Symbols which do not resemble any Latin letter are placed at the end.

Tái Techapyrã Description
A
  a Avañe'ẽ: tata, arasa, ko'ápe For many English speakers, the first part of the ow sound in cow. Found in some dialects of English in cat or father.
ã Avañe'ẽ: tetã, akã, hãiva
ä Ingleñe'ẽ Amerikagua ah, karaiñe'ẽ casa, hyãsiañe'ẽ patte
  aː Alemañañe'ẽ Aachen, hyãsiañe'ẽ gare Long

[a].

  ɐ  Ingleñe'ẽ cut, alemañañe'ẽ Kaiserslautern (In transcriptions of English,

[ɐ] is usually written Tembiecharã:Angle bracket.)

  ɑ  Hĩlandiañe'ẽ Linna, olandañe'ẽ bad
  ɑː Ingleñe'ẽ father, hyãsiañe'ẽ pâte Long

[ɑ].

  ɑ̃  Hyãsiañe'ẽ Caen, sans, temps Nasalized

[ɑ].

  ɒ Ingleñe'ẽ cot Like

[ɑ], but with the lips slightly rounded.

  ʌ Ingleñe'ẽ Amerikagua cut Like

[ɔ], but without the lips being rounded. (When Tembiecharã:Angle bracket is used for English, it may really be [ɐ] or [ɜ].)

  æ Karaiñe'ẽ Andalusíapegua seis
B
  b Italiañe'ẽ bile, alemañañe'ẽ Bub
  ɓ Suahíli bwana Like a

[b] said with a gulp. See implosive consonants.

  β Karaiñe'ẽ la Bamba, Kiñaruánda abana Like

[b], but with the lips not quite touching.

C
  c   Tuykiañe'ẽ kebap, chekoñe'ẽ stín, gyresiañe'ẽ και Between English tune (RP) and cute. Sometimes used instead for [tʃ] in languages like Hindi.
  ç   Alemañañe'ẽ Ich More of a y-coloration (more palatal) than

[x]. Some English speakers have a similar sound in huge. To produce this sound, try whispering loudly the word "ye" as in "Hear ye!".

  ɕ   Mandarĩ Xi'an, Poloñañe'ẽ ściana More y-like than

[ʃ]; something like English she.

D
  d Karaiñe'ẽ hundido
  ɗ Suahíli Dodoma Like

[d] said with a gulp.

  ɖ Ingleñe'ẽ harder Like

[d] with the tongue curled or pulled back.

  ð Karaiñe'ẽ Adán, Isidoro, orden
  dz   Poytugañe'ẽ Pindoramagua aprendizado
  dʒ   Ingleñe'ẽ judge
  dʑ   Poloñañe'ẽ niewiedź Like [dʒ], but with more of a y-sound.
  dʐ   Poloñañe'ẽ em Like [dʒ] with the tongue curled or pulled back.
E
  e Avañe'ẽ tereho, terere, ha'e
  eː Alemañañe'ẽ Klee Long

[e]. Similar to English hey, before the y sets in.

  ə  Ingleñe'ẽ bird (Only occurs in English when not stressed.)
  ɚ Ingleñe'ẽ Amerikagua runner
  ɛ   Ingleñe'ẽ bet, poytugañe'ẽ meleca
  ɛ̃   Hyãsiañe'ẽ Saint-Étienne, polañañe'ẽ mięso Nasalized

[ɛ].

  ɜ   Olandañe'ẽ grappig
  ɝ Ingleñe'ẽ Amerikagua assert
F
  f   Karaiñe'ẽ faltante, Fernando, firma
G
  ɡ   Avañe'ẽ nanga, ánga, pytãngy (Should look like . No different from a Latin "g")
  ɠ  Suahíli Uganda Like

[ɡ] said with a gulp.

  ɢ

Áravañe'ẽ Jemẽgua قات (Khat)

Like

[ɡ], but further back, in the throat. Found in Persian and some Arabic dialects for /q/, as in Gaddafi.

H
  h Ingleñe'ẽ high
  ɦ  Ingleñe'ẽ ahead, ñe'ẽ pya'e jave

ʰ

Ingleñe'ẽ top

[tʰɒp]

  ħ Áravañe'ẽ محمد Muhammad Far down in the throat, like

[h], but stronger.

I
  i   Avañe'ẽ tembi'u, ári, piko
  iː   Ingleñe'ẽ sea

[i] puku.

  ɪ   Ingleñe'ẽ sit
  ɨ   Avañe'ẽ yva, y, tahýi Often used for unstressed English roses.
J
  j   English yes, hallelujah, German Junge
  ʲ   Russian Ленин

[ˈlʲenʲɪn]

Indicates a sound is more y-like.
  ʝ   Spanish cayo (some dialects) Like

[j], but stronger.

  ɟ   Turkish gör "see", Czech díra "hole" Between English dew (RP) and argue. Sometimes used instead for [dʒ] in languages like Hindi.
  ʄ   Swahili jambo Like

[ɟ] said with a gulp.

K
  k   English kick, skip
L
  l   English leaf
  ɫ   English wool

Russian малый [ˈmɑɫɨj] "small"

"Dark" el.
  ɬ   Welsh llwyd

[ɬʊɪd] "grey"
Zulu hlala [ɬaːla] "sit"

By touching roof of mouth with tongue and giving a quick breath out. Found in Welsh placenames like Llangollen and Llanelli and Nelson Mandela's Xhosa name Rolihlahla.
  ɭ   Like

[l] with the tongue curled or pulled back.

  ɺ   A flapped

[l], like [l] and [ɾ] said together.

  ɮ   Zulu dla "eat" Rather like

[l] and [ʒ], or [l] and [ð], said together.

M
  m   English mime
  ɱ   English symphony Like

[m], but lips touch teeth as they do in [f].

  ɯ   see under W
  ʍ   see under W
N
  n   English nun
  ŋ   English sing
  ɲ   Spanish Peña, French champagne Rather like English canyon.
  ɳ   Hindi वरुण

[ʋəruɳ] Varuna

Like

[n] with the tongue curled or pulled back.

  ɴ   Castilian Spanish Don Juan

[doɴˈχwan]

Like

[ŋ], but further back, in the throat.

O
  o   Spanish no, French eau
  oː   German Boden, French Vosges Long

[o]. Somewhat reminiscent of English no.

  ɔ   German Oldenburg, French Garonne
  ɔː   RP law, French Limoges Long

[ɔ].

  ɔ̃   French Lyon, son; Polish wąż Nasalized

[ɔ].

  ø   French feu, bœufs Like

[e], but with the lips rounded like [o].

  øː   German Goethe, French Dle, neutre Long

[ø].

  ɵ   Swedish dum Halfway between

[o] and [ø]. Similar to [ʊ] but with the tongue slightly more down and front.

  œ   French bœuf, seul, German Göttingen Like

[ɛ], but with the lips rounded like [ɔ].

  œː   French œuvre, heure Long

[œ].

  œ̃   French brun, parfum Nasalized

[œ].

  θ   see under other
  ɸ   see under other
P
  p   English pip

Q
  q   Arabic Qur’ān Like

[k], but further back, in the throat.

R
  r   Spanish perro, Scots borrow "Rolled R". (Generally used for English

[ɹ] when there's no need to be precise.)

  ɾ   Spanish pero, Tagalog daliri, Malay kabar, American English kitty/kiddie "Flapped R".
  ʀ   Dutch rood and German rot (some speakers) A trill in the back of the throat. Found for /r/ in some conservative registers of French.
  ɽ   Hindi साड़ी

[sɑːɽiː] "sari"

Like flapped

[ɾ], but with the tongue curled back.

  ɹ   RP borrow
  ɻ   American English borrow, butter Like

[ɹ], but with the tongue curled or pulled back, as pronounced by many English speakers.

  ʁ   French Paris, German Riemann Said back in the throat, but not trilled.
S
  s   English sass
  ʃ   English shoe
  ʂ   Mandarin 少林 (Shàolín), Russian Пушкин (Pushkin) Acoustically similar to

[ʃ], but with the tongue curled or pulled back.

T
  t   English tot, stop
  ʈ   Hindi ठग

[ʈʰəɡ] (thug) "thief"

Like

[t], but with the tongue curled or pulled back.

  ts   English cats, Russian царь tsar
  tʃ   English church
  tɕ   Mandarin 北京 Tembiecharã:Audio-pipe, Polish ciebie "you" Like [tʃ], but with more of a y-sound.
  tʂ   Mandarin zh, Polish czas Like [tʃ] with the tongue curled or pulled back.
U
  u   French vous "you"
  uː   French Rocquencourt, German Schumacher, close to RP food Long

[u].

  ʊ   English foot, German Bundesrepublik
  ʉ   Australian English food (long) Like

[ɨ], but with the lips rounded as for [u].

  ɥ   see under Y
  ɯ   see under W
V
  v   English verve
  ʋ   Hindi वरुण

[ʋəruɳə] "Varuna"

Between

[v] and [w]. Used by some Germans and Russians for v/w, and by some speakers of British English for r.

  ɤ   see under Y
  ɣ   see under Y
  ʌ   see under A
W
  w   English wow
  ʷ   English rain

[ɹʷeɪn]

Indicates a sound has lip rounding, quick.
  ʍ   what (some dialects) like

[h] and [w] said together

  ɯ   Turkish kayık "caïque" Like

[u], but with the lips flat; something like [ʊ].

  ɰ   Spanish agua
X
  x   Scottish English loch, German Bach, Russian хороший

[xɐˈroʂɨj] "good", Spanish joven

between

[k] and [h]

  χ   northern Standard Dutch Scheveningen, Castilian Spanish Don Juan

[doɴˈχwan]

Like

[x], but further back , in the throat. Some German and Arabic speakers have [χ] for [x].

Y
  y   French rue Like

[i], but with the lips rounded as for [u].

  yː   German Bülow, French sûr Long

[y].

  ʏ   German Düsseldorf Like

[ɪ], but with the lips rounded as for [ʊ].

  ɣ   Arabic / Swahili ghali "expensive", Spanish suegro Sounds rather like French

[ʁ] or between [ɡ] and [h].

  ɤ   Mandarin Hénán Like

[o] but without the lips rounded, something like a cross of [ʊ] and [ʌ].

  ʎ   Italian tagliatelle Like

[l], but more y-like. Rather like English volume.

  ɥ   French lui Like

[j] and [w] said together.

Z
  z   English zoos
  ʒ   English vision, French journal
  ʑ   formal Russian жжёшь

[ʑːoʂ] "you burn", Polish źle

More y-like than

[ʒ], something like beigey.

  ʐ   Mandarin 人民日报 Rénmín Rìbào "People's Daily", Russian жир "fat" Like

[ʒ] with the tongue curled or pulled back.

  ɮ   see under L
Other
  θ   English thigh, bath
  ɸ   Japanese 富士

[ɸɯdʑi] Fuji, Māori [ˌɸaːɾeːˈnuiː] wharenui

Like

[p], but with the lips not quite touching

  ʔ   English uh-oh, Hawaii, German die Angst

The 'glottal stop', a catch in the breath. For some people, found in button

[ˈbʌʔn̩], or between vowels across words: Deus ex machina [ˌdeɪəsˌʔɛksˈmɑːkɨnə]; in some nonstandard dialects, in a apple [ʌˈʔæpl̩].

  ʕ   Arabic عربي carabī "Arabic" A light sound deep in the throat.
  ǀ   English tsk-tsk! or tut-tut!, Zulu icici "earring" (The English click used for disapproval.) Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including

[ kǀ ], [ ɡǀ ], [ ŋǀ ]. The Zimbabwean MP Ncube has this click in his name, as did Cetshwayo.

  ǁ   English tchick! tchick!, Zulu ixoxo "frog" (The English click used to urge on a horse.) Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including

[ kǁ ], [ ɡǁ ], [ ŋǁ ]. Found in the name of the Xhosa.

  ǃ   Zulu iqaqa "polecat" (The English click used to imitate the trotting of a horse.) A hollow popping sound, like a cork pulled from a bottle. Several distinct sounds, written as digraphs, including

[ kǃ ], [ ɡǃ ], [ ŋǃ ].

t͡ʃ), and are also sometimes written as single characters (e.g. ʧ) though the latter convention is no longer official. They are written without ligatures here to ensure correct display in all browsers.